• Bahrain
• Iran
• Iraq
• Israel
• Jordan
• Kuwait
• Lebanon
• Oman
• Qatar
• Saudi Arabia
• Syria
• United Arab Emirates
• Yemen

Generally speaking:
• Geographical area today commonly called Middle East includes in different sources different number of countries and in some cases beside those listed on this Web site (Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, Yemen) you will often find on the list Egypt, Sudan, Turkey, Afghanistan, even the Pakistan.
• Middle East is the birthplace of three of the world’s great religions – Christianity, Islam and Judaism.
• The Dead Sea is a salt lake. The Jordan River is flowing into the Dead Sea. Salinity of water in the Dead Sea is at 30%.
• African, Eurasian, and Arabian tectonic plates converge in the Middle East.

Capital: Manama
Language: Arabic
Population: 700 000
Religion: Muslim

Industries: banking, chemical, food, oil refining and products.

Agriculture products: seafood.

Capital: Tehran
Language: Persian / Arabic / Kurdish
Population: 70 500 000
Religion: Shia and Sunni Muslim

Industries: oil and petroleum products, carpets and textiles, chemicals, food.

Agriculture products: fruits and nuts, livestock and wheat.

Generally speaking:
• Iran is officially the Islamic Republic of Iran. Country was known until 1935 as Persia.
• Historical findings dating back to 4.000 BC place civilizations and urban settlements in today’s Iran.
• Official language of Iran is Persian (many other languages are also spoken).
• In the Alborz mountain range is located Iranian highest peak, Mount Damāvand stands at 5.610 meters (18.406 ft.).

Capital: Baghdad
Language: Arabic / Kurdish
Population: 28 000 000
Religion: Shia and Sunni Muslim

Industries: food, leather and textile, oil.

Agriculture products: fruits and vegetables, wheat, rice, wool, livestock.

Generally speaking:
• Iraq is located on historically rich location known as Mesopotamia. In Mesopotamia flourished world’s first known civilization, the Sumerian culture. Beside them as early as 5.000 BC other cultures flourished in the region known as the Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian. They produced some of the earliest writing.
• Capital city of Iraq, Baghdad was founded in AD 764 by the caliph Abu Ja’far Al-Mansur.

Capital: Jerusalem
Language: Hebrew, Arabic
Population: 6 000 000
Religion: Judaic, Muslim

Industries: chemical, diamonds, food, machinery, tourism, textile.

Agriculture products: fruits and vegetables.

Generally speaking:
• Israel in Jewish language is Medinat Yisra’el.
• Some historic mountain ranges can be found in Israel; the Galilee, Carmel, and the Golan.
• Highest mountain in Israel is Har Meron at 1.208 meters (3.955 ft.)
• Israel declared independence on May 14, 1948.

Capital: Amman
Language: Arabic
Population: 4 200 000
Religion: Sunni Muslim

Industries: chemical, oil, tourism.

Agriculture products: fruits and vegetables, dairy products.

Generally speaking:
• Official language of Jordan is Arabic.
• Jordan as most of the Middle East is historically rich. Territory of Jordan is part of countries also called “The Cradle of civilization”. One of the popular locations rediscovered by westerners only in 19th century is the ancient city of Petra in Ma’an who is carved into pink rock of the mountain. In Petra the Nabateans civilization flourished. The entrance to the ancient city is through a narrow gorge in the mountain.
• The highest mountain peak in the Jordan is Jabal Ram at 1.734 meters (5.689 ft.).
• The lowest point in Jordan is the Dead Sea -420 meters (-1.378 ft.).

Capital: Kuwait
Language: Arabic
Population: 1 600 000
Religion: Muslim

Industries: chemicals, oil.

Capital: Beirut
Language: Arabic
Population: 3 800 000
Religion: Muslim

Industries: chemical, food, textile.

Agriculture products: fruits and vegetables, seafood, olives.

Capital: Muscat
Language: Arabic
Population: 2 200 000
Religion: Muslim

Industries: food, oil.

Agriculture products: livestock, seafood.

Capital: Doha
Language: Arabic
Population: 500 000
Religion: Muslim

Industries: natural gas and oil.